The Prostate gland which plays a part in the creation of semen is only found in men and starts to enlarge after the age of fifty due to the effects of dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

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When going to the toilet urine will pass from the bladder into the urethra, which is a long tube that travels down through the penis, before being eliminated. The prostate gland sits just below the bladder and the beginning of the urethra is encompassed by it. When the prostate becomes enlarged, a condition which is thought to affect one in three men after the age of fifty, it begins to press against the urethra. The pressing or squeezing of the urethra leads to a number of symptoms relating to urinating which include blocked or reduced flow of urine, stopping and starting of urination, urgency and more frequent visits to the toilet especially at night.

In more severe cases the urethra may become completely blocked known as 'Acute Urinary Retention' which would need medical intervention such as having the bladder drained. Also, because the bladder may not be getting drained properly urine may be retained' known as ‘Chronic Retention' causing frequent urinary infections and occasional incontinence. Prostate enlargement may also cause some sexual dysfunction including impotence.

Finasteride has been used for some time as a treatment for an enlarged prostate (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) as it can reduce the size by up to 30% thus alleviating the symptoms. However, sometimes surgery is necessary and a Transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate may be required. The TUR basically involves the cutting away of part of the prostate which stops it pressing against the urethra.

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